proof
英 [pru?f]
美[pruf]
- n. 證明；證據；校樣；考驗；驗證；試驗
- adj. 防…的；不能透入的；證明用的；耐…的
- vt. 試驗；校對；使不被穿透
CET4TEM4考研TOEFLCET6中頻詞核心詞匯
詞態變化
復數:?proofs;第三人稱單數:?proofs;過去式:?proofed;過去分詞:?proofed;現在分詞:?proofing;
中文詞源
proof 證據，證明，檢查，驗樣
來自prove的名詞形式，拼寫比較believe,belief.
英文詞源
- proof
- proof: [13] Proof and prove are of course closely related. Both go back ultimately to Latin probāre ‘test, prove’. From this in post-classical times was derived the noun proba ‘proof’, which passed into English via Old French preve as pref. In the 14th and 15th centuries this gradually changed in the mainstream language to proof, due to the influence of the verb prove.
=> probe, prove - proof (n.)
- early 13c., preove "evidence to establish the fact of (something)," from Anglo-French preove, Old French prueve "proof, test, experience" (13c., Modern French preuve), from Late Latin proba "a proof," a back-formation from Latin probare "to prove" (see prove). "The devocalization of v to f ensued upon the loss of final e; cf. the relation of v and f in believe, belief, relieve, relief, behove, behoof, etc. [OED].
Meaning "act of proving" is early 14c. Meaning "act of testing or making trial of anything" is from late 14c., from influence of prove. Meaning "standard of strength of distilled liquor" is from 1705. In photography from 1855. Typographical sense of "trial impression to test type" is from c. 1600. Numismatic sense of "coin struck to test a die" is from 1762; now mostly in reference to coins struck from highly polished dies, mainly for collectors.
Adjectival sense (proof against) is recorded from 1590s, from the noun in expressions such as proof of (mid-15c.), hence extended senses involving "tested power" in compounds such as fireproof (1630s), waterproof (1725), foolproof (1902), etc. Shakespeare has shame-proof. Expression the proof is in the pudding (1915) is a curious perversion of earlier proof of the pudding is in the eating (1708), with proof in the sense "quality of proving good or turning out well" (17c.); perhaps an advertiser's condensed form of the original. - proof (v.)
- 1834, "to test," from proof (n.). From 1950 as short for proofread (v.). Related: Proofed; proofing.
雙語例句
- 1. He has had to eat his words about the company being recession-proof.
- 他不得不收回他說過的公司能免受經濟衰退影響的話。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. His papers were proof against all but the most expert of scrutinies.
- 他的論文幾乎可以經受住最專業的審查。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. Training is worthless unless there is proof that it works.
- 除非能證明訓練有效，否則就是白搭。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. His life was saved by a quarter-inch-thick bullet-proof steel screen.
- 多虧一塊1/4英寸厚的防彈鋼板，他才撿了條命。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. "We need proof, sir." Another pause. Then, "Very well."
- “我們需要證據，先生。”又是一個短暫停頓。然后，“那好吧。”
來自柯林斯例句